 This fact sheet is available for download as a printable PDF in: English
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What is PVL?
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Periventricular leukomalacia is an area where small cysts have developed in the white matter in the brain, next to one of the ventricles. PVL is not usually seen until the baby is about a month old. The precise cause is usually unclear.
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- Periventricular means around or near the ventricles which are fluid filled spaces in the brain
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How common is PVL?
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PVL is uncommon.
In babies who are 27 weeks or more at birth, only two per cent, or two in one hundred, will have PVL. Babies born between 23 and 27 weeks have a four per cent risk of developing PVL.
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How is PVL diagnosed?
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PVL is diagnosed by brain ultrasound. Babies do not usually have symptoms when their PVL is diagnosed.
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Does PVL lead to problems with brain function?
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If cystic PVL is seen on a brain ultrasound about half the infants will have problems with later function, particularly with movement. If the cystic PVL is extensive and involves a large area of the brain, then there is increased risk of intellect being affected as well.
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Can PVL be treated?
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There is no treatment for PVL. If PVL is detected, then your baby will have follow-up brain ultrasounds and an MRI at term corrected age. Your baby will be carefully followed up in the neonatal outpatient clinics at the Women’s after discharge home.
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Will my baby have brain problems later in life?
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The doctors will be able to tell you the overall chance of your baby having a problem later in life. However, they will not be able to tell you whether your baby will definitely have a problem or not and they will not be able to forecast the exact nature of the problem.
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For more information
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Your baby’s doctor, nurse or care manager are available to answer your questions.
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Recommended websites
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Medline Plus - http://medlineplus.gov/
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- Enter condition into Medline Plus search function for a list of relevant links
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References
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Volpe JJ. Neurology of the Newborn 5th edn. 2008. Saunders, PA.
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The Royal Women’s Hospital
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Women's Health Information Centre
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Phone: (03) 8345 3045 or 1800 442 007 (rural callers)
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Email: whic@thewomens.org.au
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Newborn Intensive & Special Care
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Cnr Flemington Rd and Grattan St
Parkville VIC 3052
Phone: (03) 8345 3400
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Disclaimer
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The Royal Women’s Hospital does not accept any liability to any person for the information or advice (or use of such information or advice) which is provided in this fact sheet or incorporated into it by reference. We provide this information on the understanding that all persons accessing it take responsibility for assessing its relevance and accuracy. Women are encouraged to discuss their health needs with a health practitioner. If you have concerns about your health, you should seek advice from your health care provider or if you require urgent care you should go to the nearest Emergency Dept.
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Published January 2010
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